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tymcom-x

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TYMCOM-X Project

Reviving Tymshare's TYMCOM-X Operating System

Possible hosts

  • KL-1090 hardware. TYMCOM-X does not work with RH20+RP06 disk, RH20+TU72 tape, or DTE-0 connected terminals. It also has no concepte of an NIA20 ethernet; relying on DMA from its 'Base'.
  • KS-2020 hardware. TYMCOM-X does work with RH11+RP06/RM03 disk, RH11+TU45 tape, but not DZ11 terminals.
  • KLH10 emulator, KL-1095 or KL-2065 with extended addressing. Same problems as KL-1090.
  • KLH10 emulator, KS-2020 with extended addressing (single section). Looked promising; has boot problems.
  • SIMH emulator, KS-2020 with disk and tape. See SIMH Setup page.

Current plans:

  1. Get system to boot. This is being done by compiling the TYMCOM-X monitor under emulated TOPS-10 and copying the result to SYS:MON14.EXE[1,4], then using BOOT v3 to load and start at location 141 (DDT). Then DSKB.dsk and DSKC.dsk are copied in whole to TYMB0.dsk and TYMB1.dsk. These disks do not have valid TYMCOM-X BAT pages or SAT pages, requiring them to be initialized, DSKB defined, and refreshed. This part works.
  2. Login in Console mode. Success. See TYMCOM-X Startup page.
  3. Restore from a TITO ALL-FILES tape. An emulated tape with TITO.SAV and an ALL-FILES save need to be placed on the emulator. See the Status page.
  4. Login to emulated DZ11. Up to 8 telnet users.
  5. Login to emulated Base. More than 8 users via telnet.

Not in consideration

  • Emulate an LSI-11 with DR11 parallel interface.
  • Emulate Node Code on a microTymSat.
  • Emulate multiple hosts talking through the network.

General Notes

Connection to the network

TYMCOM-X (the PDP-10 system as a whole) doe not connect to TTYs (other than the Console). Instead, a Tymnet Node (known as a Base) does DMA to two circular buffers (IRING and ORING) in the PDP-10's memory. The base is connected by synchronous serial links to two or more Tyment Nodes using the T201 (Tymnet II) Node Code protocol. The nodes are indirectly connected to the Tymnet Supervisor, which is responsible for creating login circuits (known as Needles when they reach their destination).

The Base-Host protocol is based on the Tymnet Circuit protocol, but designed to be delivered as 32-bit messages over a parallel connection. The KI-10 and KL-10 systems had an EBUS slot (M68000 based) storing data left justified in a 36-bit word, with all ones in the unused low-order 4 bits. The KS-2020 systems had a PDP-11/23 known as a microTymSat using the 16-bit DR-11 parallel interface going into a DR-11 plugged in to the 2020's low-priority UNIBUS. The data from the DR11 is processed by a KMC11 and stored right justified in two 18-bit halfwords. When the KMC11 is used, the KS needs special microcode to implement UUILDB and UUIDPB to process bytes. When the KMC11 is not uses, data is left justified just like the KL.

The Base uses a pointer in low memory (IRP620) to write data into the IRING, then update the IRP620 modulo the ring size. The PDP-10 uses its pointer (IRPPDP) to read the IRING whenever the pointers differed. These characters would go into SCNSER's TTY chunks, to be processed at clock level. Output from the PDP-10 would first to into SCNSER's TTY chunks, and from there to the output buffer (ORING). It updates its pointer (ORPPDP) and the Base reads from the ORING whenever its pointer (ORP6200) fell behind. Transfers occurred 60 times per second, but each transfer could include many characters from many lines at once.

Host-Base protocol

General format: one byte of code or code+length, one for channel number, two bytes data. A two-word message would include a total of six bytes of data. Code 0 is illegal, the other are:

  • 01 Host Open. Includes the max number channel the host accepts.
  • 02 Host Shut. No more loggins accepted. Some users (OPER) have shut-override privileges.
  • 03 Reset Interface.
  • 04 Reset Acknowledge.
  • 05 Supervisor Takeover. Message includes date and time for updating host's clock.
  • 06 Needle (login from network). Includes origination host number, user name to follow.
  • 07 Aux Circuit complete. For outgoing host-to-host connections.
  • 10 Backpressure On. XOFF to stop transmitter.
  • 11 Backpressure Off. XON to resume incoming transmission.
  • 12 Character Gobbler (Control-O) to empty output buffers.
  • 13 Circuit Zapper (modem has dropped carrier).
  • 14 Enter Deferred Echo (sent after CR, host must do echoing).
  • 15 Leave Deferred Echo (Consat will echo input characters).
  • 16 Green Ball (used for echo control).
  • 17 Red Ball (cancel assumed echo tradeoff).
  • 20 Yellow Ball (gets echoed back as an Orange Ball).
  • 21 Orange Ball (returned as a result of receiving an Yellow Ball).
  • 22 Hang Character.
  • 23 Enter Transparency on 2741 terminal.
  • 24 Leave Transparency on 2741 terminal.
  • 25 Gray Ball / Black Ball.
  • 26 Supervisor Request. Used for building Aux Circuits.
  • 27 Supervisor Response.
  • 30 Character to Supervisor. Used for sending username and host number.
  • 31 Test Pattern to Base.
  • 32 Test Pattern Response.
  • 33 Host Sad (2 words).
  • 34 Echo On. After password entered.
  • 35 Echo Off. Before entering password.
  • 36 Set Terminal Characteristics.
  • 37 Terminal Characteristics Probe.
  • 40 Terminal Characteristics Response.
  • 41 Set Host Number (and number of channels).
  • 42 Request Clock, sent to Supervisor.
  • 43 Clock Response from Supervisor.
  • 44 Initiate Block Output.
  • 45 Terminate Block Output (no errors).
  • 46 Initiate Block Input.
  • 47 Block Input Terminated: out of buffer.
  • 50 Block Input Terminated: end of transmission.
  • 51 Block Input Terminated: timeout by Base.
  • 52 Request Block Input Termination.

Other pages

Overview page, SIMH Setup page, TYMCOM-X Startup page, Status page.

tymcom-x.1510824254.txt.gz · Last modified: 2017/11/16 09:24 by jms