====== Creating SIMH tape images ====== ===== Creating a tape image for TITO ===== When files are copied from TOPS-20 (36-bit byte size) with KERMIT, they are stored in ANSI ASCII mode. Joe wrote ''type36'' to display 36-bit files on *nix systems to determine if they are ANSI ASCII binaries or DEC compatible core-dump binaries. Linux% type36 Usage: type36 [-s] [-a|-c|-d] filename [[-a|-c|-d] filename] -a = ANSI ASCII mode, -c = Core dump mode, -d = doubleword mode -s = input is in SIMH tape emulation format. Linux% type36 -a ../m33/tito-ansi.sav | head -7 36-bit dump of ../m33/tito-ansi.sav as ANSI ASCII (4x7-bit + 1x(1+7)-bit address even word odd word SIXBIT 7-bit bytes in hex ASCII text 000000|777775, 117| 36564, 140|__] !/#UT !@ 7F7F6800A70757200030 ..h.'.W .0 000002| 0, 36564|260740, 34273| #UT6'@#B[ 0000003D3A2C1E0038DD ...=:,..8] 000004|777777, 132| 36563, 36777|___ !:#US#W_ 7F7F78002D0757183DFF ..x.-.W.=. 000006|777652, 136| 16, 3|_^J !> . # 7F7A50002F0000700081 .zP./..p.. 000010|200740, 24642| 47000, 0|0'@"FB$X 201E0029510960000000 ..)Q.`... This shows that the file is in *.SAV format. IOWD 3,120: .JBSA=36564,,140 .JBFF=36564 .JBPFH=PUSHJ P,34273 IOWD 1,133: .JBCOR=36563,,36777 IOWD n,137: .JBVER=16,,3 .JBDA=MOVE P,24642 141=CALLI 0 When a core image is saved to tape, TOPS-10 writes a 4-word dummy file (to indicate there is no high-seg) and EOF before writing the SAV file, Linux% ls -l 20bytes -rw-r--r-- 1 jms jms 20 Mar 19 23:44 20bytes Linux% od -c 20bytes 0000000 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 \0 0000020 \0 \0 \0 \0 0000024 Joe wrote ''to-simh'' to convert an ANSI ASCII file to core dump format and write the file out as a SIMH tape image (each block is proceeded and followed by the byte count in little-endian format). Linux% to-simh Usage: to-simh [-a|-c|-d|-b 128] filename [filename...] Linux% to-simh -a 20bytes ../m33/tito-ansi.sav >tito.tape Reading from 20bytes - Words read (octal): 4 Reading from ../m33/tito-ansi.sav - Words read (octal): 200 200 ... 141 This builds a SIMH tape image. Verify it using ''type36 -s -c''. Linux% type36 -s -c tito.tape | less 36-bit dump of tito.tape as Core Dump (4x8-bit + 1x(4+4)-bit address even word odd word SIXBIT 7-bit bytes in hex ASCII text --- block_size (0x14) = 20 bytes ( 4 words) leading 000000| 0, 0| 0, 0| 00000000000000000000 .......... 000002| 0, 0| 0, 0| 00000000000000000000 .......... --- block_size (0x14) = 20 bytes ( 4 words) trailing --EOF-- --- block_size (0x280) = 640 bytes (128 words) leading 000000|777775, 117| 36564, 140|__] !/#UT !@ 7F7F6800A70757200030 ..h.'.W .0 000002| 0, 36564|260740, 34273| #UT6'@#B[ 0000003D3A2C1E0038DD ...=:,..8] 000004|777777, 132| 36563, 36777|___ !:#US#W_ 7F7F78002D0757183DFF ..x.-.W.=. 000006|777652, 136| 16, 3|_^J !> . # 7F7A50002F0000700081 .zP./..p.. 000010|200740, 24642| 47000, 0|0'@"FB$X 201E0029510960000000 ..)Q.`... 000012|402000, 34267|260740, 35712|@0 #BW6'@#O* 40400038DB2C1E003B65 @@.8[,..;e Search for known plaintext. /oper 005660|222372, 42644|406511,751100|23Z$6D@U)]) 244F50455241544F5220 $OPERATOR 005662|462230,342634|516124, 44646|F28<60**P 245449544F2028560000 $TITO (V.. 005672| 0, 13646|576200, 0| !>FOR 00000017535F48000000 ....S_H... 005674| 21754, 21755|272771, 0|"/L"/M77Y 043E6023F62E5F480000 .>`#v._H.. 005676| 21754, 21757| 0, 13642|"/L"/O !>B 043E6023F70000001751 .>`#w....Q 005700|245011, 42644|425010,152100|4H)$6DBH(-1 29204845524520415420 ) HERE AT 005702|576300, 0| 21761, 21762|OS "/Q"/R 5F4C000000043F082379 _L....?.#y 005704| 731, 13532|440700, 13533| '9!=:D' !=; 001D48172D481C0017AD ..H.-H...- 005706| 0, 21710|222473,151650| "/(24[-.H 00000023642453595354 ...#d$SYST 005710|426324, 57640|777761, 21773|BS4%^@__Q"/[ 454D205F507F7F0823FD EM _P...#} 005712| 21770, 21771| 0, 15|"/X"/Y - 043F4023FC0000000086 .?@#|..... 005714|422132,644606|425644, 0|B1:TF&BND 4445564943453A200000 DEVICE: .. 005716|522032, 42500|472372,420256|J0:$5 G3ZB"N 54415045204E4F542057 TAPE NOT W 005720|512232,442500|502451,752212|I2:D5 H4I]2* 524954452050524F5445 RITE PROTE 005722|416510,542032| 50000, 0|AU(L0:% 435445440D0A00000000 CTED...... 005724|522032, 42500|446464, 53644|J0:$5 DTT%>D 54415045204953205752 TAPE IS WR 005726|446510,520240|512372,442606|DU(J"@I3ZD6& 4954452050524F544543 ITE PROTEC 005730|522130,406424|777560, 22013|J18@T4_]P"0+ 5445440D0A7F77002485 TED...w.$. Jump to end of file. 020340|254000, 140|712000, 0|5@ !@Y0 2B0000003072 +...0r --- block_size (0x1E5) = 485 bytes ( 97 words) trailing --EOF-- --EOF-- ===== Creating TITO saveset tape images ===== Attach the physical tape drive to the NetBSD system. Copy the savesets (dozens of tape files) to disk. #!/bin/bash reelid=${1?"tape number needed"} tape=/dev/nrst0 # non-rewind mode mkdir -p /home/jms/pdp10/$reelid cd /home/jms/pdp10/$reelid i=100 # First one is "file.101" ss=0 # First saveset is "ss1" while cp $tape file.$((++i)); do ls -l file.$i [ -s file.$i ] || break [ `wc -c ../simh-ks/saveset1.tape to-simh -t ss3/* > ../simh-ks/saveset2.tape ====== Patching the raw disk image ====== ===== Putting TITO.SAV on disk using FILDDT ===== This operation was performed by using Van Dyke's SecureCRT terminal emulator and a Cygwin window on a Windows machine. TOPS-10 already running and login 1,2 via ''telnet localhost 2020'' Use a terminal emulator that has "Send ASCII" and "Receive ASCII" functions. 0. ''TITO.SAV'' is 66 blocks (17 pages). With DDT it is 97 blocks (25 pages). 1. Create ''tito.txt'' by using FILDDT and the Receive ASCII on the terminal emulator. .r filddt File: tito.sav $$a $$h 0$n Edit the saved file, removing extra lines. Then add "D+" to each line. 2. Edit REFSTR.MAC, copying and pasting the code that creates CRASH.SAV to create TITO00.SAV Set the file size using ''MOVEI T4,^D33'' (pages) and update ITEM macro ''X TIT,TITO00,SAV,555000,00''. 3. Rebuild monitor, copy it to ''SYS:'', use ''./pdp10 tym-fresh.ini'' to refresh the disk(s). 4. Exit the TYMCOM-X simh, attach ''tymb00.dsk'' as ''rp2'' on the TOPS-10 simh. .^E sim> attach rp2 tymb00.dsk sim> go 5. Patch the raw disk unit. (Load symbols to get a writeable symbol table) .r filddt File: sys:mon14/s File: rpa2:/u/p 6. Track down the data pages for (SYS).UFD (RIB address at 1023). Search all 7 data pages for TITO00. $$A $$H 1023/ 1450 1450000<1450777>0$N 1450051/ 200000,,1440 $$6t 1440000<1447777>0$n TITO00.SAV 200000,,15 7. Display the RIB. First data page pointer is at 15051, it points to page 16. 0,,15000/ 15000<15777>0$n 15051/ 200000,,16 8. Define ''D'' as 16000. 16000/ d: 9. Use terminal's Send ASCII function to send contents of ''tito.txt'' to FILDDT. Transfer to simh's console is about 61 characters per second; 127 minutes to transfer TITO with DDT loaded (457K). 10. Update word count in RIB to be last word plus 1. 15010/ 20342 (40232 with DDT loaded) 11. Enable Receive ASCII and store in ''tito2.txt'' 16000<37777>0$n 12. End Receive ASCII and on local machine (Cygwin) execute the following to verify the transfer: cygwin% perl -pi.bak -e 's/^(\d+)/sprintf "D+%o",oct($1)-016000/e' tito2.txt cygwin% diff tito.txt tito2.txt 13. Exit FILDDT and ''detach rp2'' from the TOPS-10 simh. ^Z !^E sim> detach rp2 14. Create a respawn point via ''cp tymb00.dsk tymb00+tito.dsk; cp tymb01,dsk tymb01+tito.dsk''. 15. Boot TYMCOM-X in production mode. Due to Y2K8 problem, must use date from 28 years ago. (Hit Enter twice r Control-Z L to get logged in, then ''set date mm dd 1990'' and ''set time hhmm''.) ./pdp10 tym-prod.ini To automatically login, login over shut. X14, hardware *B*, KS-4257, base 6760, X14-P035/E02, 6-3-92, M02654 End of ONCE; starting null job Hi there! Please type your user name: Remember to set date,time 27-SEP-1989 00:00:02 Date not set! ! !set date 04 09 1990 ;28 years in the past !set time 2041 Date/time is now 09-Apr-1989 22:41:00 Monday --- System is SHUT --- !r tito00 TITO (V16.3) HERE AT 14:37 19-MAR-90 SYSTEM X14-P035/E02 DEVICE: mta0 TRACKS: 9 DENSITY(1600,800): 1600 TAPE NOT WRITE PROTECTED *rewind *^E sim> attach tu0 saveset1.tape sim> go *dir all INPUT TAPE POS RANGE: 301-e CONTINUE ON DEVICE: ^E sim>attach tu0 ss2.tape sim>go mta0 INPUT TAPE POS RANGE: LOGICAL END OF TAPE REACHED *exit It takes about 30 seconds to restore each tape (as long as output has been suppressed with Control-O). ===== Creating the front-end file ===== !gfd ks2020 !run ksfefs Name of file containing bootstrap program {(SYS)BOOTS.DMP} : (sys)boots.dmp Name of file containing microcode {(SYS)MCODE} : (sys)mcode Name of file containing pre-boot program: {(SYS)KSBLOD.DMP} : (sys)ksblod.dmp Structure to write on {DSKB} : dskb DSKB0: 65536 pages starting at 12. Writing HOM block in page 0 Writing (SYS)BOOTS.DMP to page 13 14 Writing (SYS)MCODE to page 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Writing (SYS)KSBLOD.DMP to page 27 Writing 8080 directory to page 12 Duplicating BOOTS in page 3 4 5 Done. The ''ksfefs'' misinterpreted the RIB pointer to ''FEFILE.SYS'' [200000,,14] as [xwd 65536,14] and wiped out the RIn and ''tito00.sav''. Edited REFSTR.MAC to return [xwd 64,^D<3*95> to point to the 64 pages on cylinder 3. Copied monitor, refreshed, and re-transferred ''tito.ddt''. !run ksfefs Name of file containing bootstrap program {(SYS)BOOTS.DMP} : (sys)boots.dmp Name of file containing microcode {(SYS)MCODE} : (sys)mcode Name of file containing pre-boot program: {(SYS)KSBLOD.DMP} : (sys)ksblod.dmp Structure to write on {DSKB} : dskb DSKB0: 64 pages starting at 285. Writing HOM block in page 0 Writing (SYS)BOOTS.DMP to page 286 287 Writing (SYS)MCODE to page 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 Writing (SYS)KSBLOD.DMP to page 300 Writing 8080 directory to page 285 Duplicating BOOTS in page 3 4 5 Done. At this point, ''boot rp'' loads BOOTS, which defaults to ''(SYS)SYSTEM.SAV'', but that dies with ''IME'' stopcode. ===== Copying MON14.SAV to the disk ===== Since we don't have KERMIT or other file transfer program on TYMCOM-X, do it with ''FILDDT''. Two caveats: 1) (SYS)FILDDT does not allow patching of data files, but (MPL)FILDDT does. 2) Patching a zero length file goes only so far before dying with an Address Check. Since the current (SYS)SYSTEM.SAV is unuseable, patch it instead. On TOPS-10, start a Receive ASCII operation and display the whole monitor in octal. .r filddt File: mon14.sav/d $$a $$h 0$n 0/ 777777,,113 1/ 203141,,171100 ... 245643/ 140 245644/ 254000,,203146 Edit the saved text to remove the first lines, and change "/" to "!". The text file is 1.8 Mbytes in size. Set the terminal emulator to delay 17 milliseconds between characters for the Send ASCII operation. Expect it to take 8.5 hours to transfer all that data. !run (mpl)filddt File: (sys)system.sav/d/p $$a $$h 0/ 777777,,113 1/ 203141,,171100 ... 245643/ 140 245644/ 254000,,203146 ^Z Exit the TYMCOM-X simh job and start fresh (to get the implied zeroing of memory). ^E sim>quit Linux% ./pdp10 x14-prod.ini PDP-10 simulator V4.0-0 Current git commit id: da31dfa7 BOOTS: LOADING (SYS)SYSTEM.SAV X14, hardware *B*, KS-4257, base 6760, X14-P035/E02, 6-3-92, M02654 Highest memory address is 3,,777777 Checking all units on disk controller - reading UNIT ID from HOME pages. RMA0:DSKB00=B0 RMA1:DSKB01=B1 RMA2:-offline- RMA3:-offline- RMA4:-offline- RMA5:-offline- RMA6:-offline- RMA7:-offline- 1024K of memory online. X14, hardware *B*, KS-4257, base 6760, X14-P035/E02, 6-3-92, M02654 End of ONCE; starting null job INITIA starting DSKCLN on TTY0 Hi there! Please type your user name: oper proj code: date not set, type date as mm-dd-yyyy 04-12-1990 type time as hh:mm 15:53 .systat SYSTEM SHUT TYMSHARE X14-P035/E02 6-3-92 up 36:13 at 6:28:35 on Thu Apr 12,1990 Null time = 36:13, Idle = 100% (Idle time per MIN. = 100%) 2 jobs in use out of 31. 1 detached JOB TYMNET PROG LO+HI(P) STATE TRU CONNECT USER NAME 1 DETACHED DSKCLN 16 TI 3.46 0:00:00 OPER + 2* -11327- #10 SYSTAT 32 RN 20.30 0:36:09 OPER (OPER) + + means TYMSHARE inhouse user Users=2 Det=1 [1,1], Queues: RUN=1 DIO=0 TIO=1 IO=0 SPC=0 2046 Physical pages available (MONITOR = 282P, User Area = 1764P) Virt. memory used (TPU/TPA): 48/1764 = 3% At this point, the systems programmer is expected to use the ''SETE'' command to set license (setting all privileges). Due to forgotten SETE passwords, fake it by poking kernel memoryl Use DDT to get the address of JBTLIC (GETTAB table for job license). In this case it is 11106. Adding 2 for job #2 is 11110. Then use ''DSKCLR 2,'' to clear the ''DSKCLN'' needed bit to write-enable the structure. ^E sim>examine 11110 sim>deposit 11110 777777777777 sim>go !pjob Frame 2 TTY10 OPER[1,21] at X14 !r ddt DDT dskclr 2,$x DDT ^C Use ''GFD SYS'' to change the effective PPN (and default directory) and edit ''ACCESS.MSG'' to have two lines of 80 blanks. (The monitor wants to output "Date/time is now ..." at the same time ''LOGINN'' outputs the contents of ''ACCESS.MSG''.) Success! --- //[[joeinwap@gmail.com|Joe Smith]] 2018/04/13 05:10// ==== Other pages ==== [[tymcom-x|Overview]] page, [[tymcom-x-simh|SIMH Setup]] page, [[tymcom-x-startup|TYMCOM-X Startup]] page, [[tymcom-x-tape|TITO on disk]] page, [[tymcom-x-status|Status]] page.